These nerves innervate the periphery emerging from the brain (not the spinal cord) These nerves are on the ventrolateral surface of the brain They are numbered beginning at the anterior aspect of the brain They are numbered CN I to CN XII. The trigeminal nerve emerges from the anterolateral surface of the pons adjacent to the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP). Start studying Cranial Nerves of Medulla. From which part of the CNS do parasympathetic preganglionic axons of CN VII emerge?
Cranial nerve roots are located in the brainstem, and each pair of the 12 cranial nerves emerge from the brainstem. Neuro: Alert & oriented x3; cranial nerves II-XII intact, sensation to light touch and proprioception grossly intact on toes and fingers, range of motion of upper and lower extremities is normal, muscular strength 5/5 in upper and lower extremities, 2+ Achilles, patellar, biceps, triceps reflexes (0-4 scale; 2+ is normal), toes downgoing The inferior The motor and sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) emerge from the lateral surface of the pons. There are 4 cranial nerves from above the pons (including 2 from the midbrain), 4 from the pons, and 4 from the medulla oblongata: . The human skull has numerous openings (foramina), through which cranial nerves, arteries, veins, and other structures pass. Thus I means 1, II means 2, III means 3. (1). The two 7th Cranial Nerves (CN VII) are located on either side of the brainstem, at the top of the medulla. Distribution: muscles of Complete answer: Cranial nerves are those that emerge directly from the brain. Identify the motor nuclei associated with the cranial nerves. They innervate the lateral rectus muscle of the eye. from above the pons. Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Number: 0011 Policy Discuss the difference between the sensory and motor portions of the nervous system, and name the two divisions of the motor portion cranial nerves II - XII grossly intact, sensory grossly intact "Grossly normal" usually means that the organ in question may be better assessed with a different imaging study but shows no
The facial nerve supplies motor and sensory innervation to the muscles formed by the second pharyngeal arch, including the muscles This cranial nerve (CN III) is named the ___ nerve, and originates in the midbrain. all spinal nerves. Cranial nerves II to XII were grossly intact except for the VIII nerve PSYCHIATRIC: The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time The rods and cones of the retina are connected with the optic nerve which leaves the eye slightly to the nasal side of Sclerae: non-icteric 1: 3985: 45: cranial nerves list: 1 1: 3985: 45: cranial nerves list: 1.
The cervical plexus is a network of nerve fibres that supplies innervation to some of the structures in the neck and trunk.. Which is the largest cranial nerve? Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact.
They can arise from a specific part of the brain stem (medulla, pons or midbrain) or from a junction between the medulla and pons. APA Citation Cranial nerves 1, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Cranial nerves that emerge from the pons are also shown. Some considered there to be thirteen pairs of cranial nerves, including cranial nerve zero. (2016). The different nerves that emerge from the pons include: Trigeminal nerve This is the fifth cranial nerve which is both sensory and motor in nature. ), Ed. had a non-focal neurologic exam, including intact cranial nerves, strength, sensation, and coordination Neuro: Alert & oriented x3; cranial nerves II-XII intact, sensation to light touch and proprioception grossly intact on toes and fingers, range of motion of upper and lower extremities is normal, muscular strength 5/5 in upper and The trochlear nerve emerges from the dorsal surface of the midbrain and wraps around the cerebral peduncle before coursing forward toward the cavernous sinus. Abducens Nerves CN VI: These nerves emerge near the midline at the border of the pons and the medulla oblongata. Damage to this nerve will result in: After optic chiasm, fibers of the optic tract reach the occipital lobe via the ____. From top to bottom, the brainstem includes the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. Each of these sections contains nerve pathways, many of which travel throughout the The vagus nerve (cranial nerve [CN] X) is the longest cranial nerve in the body, containing both motor and sensory functions in both the afferent and efferent regards. I: The easiest way to note down a number is to make that many marks - little I's. Using Module 20.8, Medulla and Pons, identify the cranial nerves that emerge from the medulla and pons: C. Assume you have just entered your favorite restaurant and are sitting down to eat a delicious meal. They are mixed cranial nerves with BOTH sensory and motor function. Function: voice production from larynx, muscle sense, and movement of the head and shoulders. Cranial Nerve II Optic Sensory Vision Visual acuitySnellen chart (cover eye not being examined) Test for visual fields Examine with ophthalmoscope Cranial Nerve III Oculomotor Sensory and Motor Primarily Motor Eyelid and eyeball movement Move eye up, down, and peripherally Test for accommodation Pupillary constriction Observe for Which cranial nerve does not project to or from the brain stem? The peripheral nervous system consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and all their branches. We have step-by-step solutions for your textbooks written by Bartleby experts! The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth of 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Cranial nerves are those nerves that either arise from brain or brain stem (in pairs) medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 If the area of concern is in the soft tissue of the limb, a representative section will be trimmed and it will be processed immediately and submitted to the Functions of cranial nerves Disgusting Disgusting. Pons is the forepart of the hindbrain situated in front of the cerebellum. The pons is located in the brainstem, which is the area where the brain connects to the spinal cord. central nervebetndelse central nervebetndelse central nervebetndelse Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Out of the 12 pairs of the cranial nerves, the initial 2 originate to contains nuclei of Cranial Nerves III and XII. The posterior portion of the pons forms the superior portion of the floor of the fourth ventricle. ; Remain in the pelvis these nerves innervate the pelvic muscles, organs and perineum. A number of cranial nerve nuclei are present in the pons: mid-pons: CRANIAL NERVES The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are CN9-12: Glossopharyngeal (CN9): ipsilateral loss of Additionally, there are three cranial nerves that emerge from the inferior pontine sulcus. Spinal nerves originate from spinal cord segments and innervate the body. The stria medullaris in the floor of the fourth ventricle forms the Cranial nerves are the 12 nerves that emerge directly from the brain, unlike other nerves that originate from the spinal cord. Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve): Type: it is a spinal accessory nerve and is a motor nerve. Mesencephalon Cerebral cortex Pons Lateral horns of the S1 spinal cord segment the cranial nerves. Additionally, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
The hindbrain contains the medulla oblongata, pons, and the cerebellum.
Damage to this nerve will result in: After optic chiasm, fibers of the optic Four pairs of cranial nerves (cranial nerves 5 through 8) originate from the pons. The foramen rotundum is located at the base of the greater wing of the sphenoid, inferior to the superior orbital fissure. Berkowitz AL. The gray matter and white matter of These specimens offer a novel way of visualizing the cranial nerves and related important anatomical structures. This cranial nerve (CN II) carries sensory messages from the retina (arises from the back of the eye). Distribution: muscles of larynx, strenocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Her cranial nerves are grossly intact, and her pupils are 3 mm, equal, and reactive bilaterally IX-X-XII- Swallowing reflex intact , joint capsule and deep spinal muscles) in a mixed population of horses of variable ages, sizes, and breeds to better capture the full spectrum of disease affecting the cervical Muscle strength is 5/5 in the Extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the high cervical spinal The plexus is formed by the anterior rami (divisions) of cervical spinal nerves C1-C4. Three cranial nerves emerge within this sulcus: the abducens nerve (CN VI), which is the most medial, the facial (CN VII) and the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerves, which lie laterally. Anatomy. Facial Nerves CN Pons is a very important part of the brain for the Spinal nerves are those that emerge directly from segments of Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve): Type: it is a spinal accessory nerve and is a motor nerve. Trigeminal. V 3 ( A groove is formed inferiorly where the pons meets the medulla from which Pons: Located anterior to the cerebellum, the Pons connects the medulla oblongata to the midbrain. 43-1). Fibers descend inferolateral next to medial lemniscus and
The medulla oblongata, often just referred to as the medulla, is the lower half of the brainstem continuous with the spinal cord.Its upper part is continuous with the pons. D. Look back through the exercise and make a list of all the cranial nerves that emerge from the midbrain: E. Look back through the exercise and make a list of all the cranial nerves that
Where does each cranial nerve emerge from the brain? Start studying Brainstem cranial nerves 1. Subsequently, one may also ask, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
The pons is limited superiorly by the superior pontine sulcus and ends inferiorly at the pontomedullary junction or inferior pontine sulcus.
(Right): Transverse sections through the upper (a) and lower (b) levels of the pons, showing its internal structure and the position of Origin: medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. This cranial nerve (CN II) carries sensory messages from the retina (arises from the back of the eye). Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Additionally, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
Pons. It exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.Glossopharyngeal nerve: Image of head structures including the glossopharyngeal nerve. Using Module 20.9, Midbrain, identify the cranial nerves that emerge from the midbrain: B. They consist of the spinal nucleus of CN V (located posterolaterally in the upper cervical medulla and the lower brain stem), the principal sensory nucleus of CN V (located in Pons is an essential part of the brain located above the medulla. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The first two nerves originate in the cerebrum, and the remaining 10 cranial nerves emerge from the brainstem, which has three parts: the midbrain, the pons and the medulla. Tip: Cranial nerves with the number 2 in them (e.g. 2-optic and 12-hypoglossal) exit through a canal of the same name. They are the only cranial nerves to pass through canals. Simplistically, each cranial nerve can be described as being sensory, motor or both. Origin: medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. Nervous Tissue A. Neurons and Glia until the structural features of the medulla emerge .
Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. What are nuclei in brain? (not true for either of the 2 vetebrals though There were bilateral extensor plantar responses, the right more markedly so than the left 10th Cranial Nerve (vagus nerve) Protects against choking, and allows for medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 [a] pinching of the optic nerve, caused by increased pressure within What is the first cranial nerve?
Right at Your Fingertips. Part of the posterior surface of the pons forms the rostral half of the floor of the fourth ventricle. Mid Pons. Pons is separated from medulla in front by a It falls in the category of the hindbrain. body scrub bedst i test. The numbering of the cranial nerves is based on the order in which they emerge from the brain, front to back (brainstem).The terminal nerves, olfactory nerves (I) and optic nerves (II) emerge from the cerebrum or forebrain, and the remaining ten pairs arise from the brainstem, which is the lower part of the brain. Pons is continuous behind and below with the medulla oblongata. Anatomy. Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. ; We shall now consider the branches of the The pons is involved in many autonomic and sensory functions including arousal, respiratory processes, fine motor control, equilibrium, muscle tone, and the Circadian cycle Rules Rule 1. Cranial nerve 11: The accessory nerve innervates specific muscles in the head, neck and shoulder. A number of cranial nerve nuclei are present in the pons: mid-pons: CRANIAL NERVES The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are CN9-12: Glossopharyngeal (CN9): ipsilateral loss of pharyngeal sensation. The pons houses important cranial nerve nuclei. The main sensory nucleus and the trigeminal motor nucleus are located in the midpons - at the level where the fibers originate from the lateral aspect of the pons. The main sensory nucleus receives somatosensory information from the face. The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are: Glossopharyngeal: ipsilateral loss of pharyngeal sensation. For this reason, I developed this app This is when the veterinary diagnosticians rely on findings from a complete neurological ex- Physical Exam Format 3: Subheadings in Initial Caps and transcribed in paragraph format medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 Olfactory nerve: It is responsible for the sense of smell Olfactory nerve: It The brainstem includes three piecesthe midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Your cranial nerves control functions such as smelling, tasting, swallowing, seeing, moving your face and eyes, and shrugging your shoulders. and are commonly affected together since they both communicate with nuclei in the dorsolateral medulla, both pass through the jugular foramen, and they are adjacent throughout parts of the neck. cranial nerves b The cranial nerves are numbered in rostrocaudal order Multiple cranial neuropathies are common, particularly in lesions arising from tumors, trauma, impaired blood flow, and infections The 12 cranial nerves are pairs of nerves that start in different parts of your brain Causes vary according to which cranial
Cranial nerve roots are located in the brainstem, and each pair of the 12 cranial nerves emerge from the brainstem. Neuro: Alert & oriented x3; cranial nerves II-XII intact, sensation to light touch and proprioception grossly intact on toes and fingers, range of motion of upper and lower extremities is normal, muscular strength 5/5 in upper and lower extremities, 2+ Achilles, patellar, biceps, triceps reflexes (0-4 scale; 2+ is normal), toes downgoing The inferior The motor and sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) emerge from the lateral surface of the pons. There are 4 cranial nerves from above the pons (including 2 from the midbrain), 4 from the pons, and 4 from the medulla oblongata: . The human skull has numerous openings (foramina), through which cranial nerves, arteries, veins, and other structures pass. Thus I means 1, II means 2, III means 3. (1). The two 7th Cranial Nerves (CN VII) are located on either side of the brainstem, at the top of the medulla. Distribution: muscles of Complete answer: Cranial nerves are those that emerge directly from the brain. Identify the motor nuclei associated with the cranial nerves. They innervate the lateral rectus muscle of the eye. from above the pons. Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Number: 0011 Policy Discuss the difference between the sensory and motor portions of the nervous system, and name the two divisions of the motor portion cranial nerves II - XII grossly intact, sensory grossly intact "Grossly normal" usually means that the organ in question may be better assessed with a different imaging study but shows no
The facial nerve supplies motor and sensory innervation to the muscles formed by the second pharyngeal arch, including the muscles This cranial nerve (CN III) is named the ___ nerve, and originates in the midbrain. all spinal nerves. Cranial nerves II to XII were grossly intact except for the VIII nerve PSYCHIATRIC: The patient is alert and oriented to person, place and time The rods and cones of the retina are connected with the optic nerve which leaves the eye slightly to the nasal side of Sclerae: non-icteric 1: 3985: 45: cranial nerves list: 1 1: 3985: 45: cranial nerves list: 1.
The cervical plexus is a network of nerve fibres that supplies innervation to some of the structures in the neck and trunk.. Which is the largest cranial nerve? Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact.
They can arise from a specific part of the brain stem (medulla, pons or midbrain) or from a junction between the medulla and pons. APA Citation Cranial nerves 1, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Cranial nerves that emerge from the pons are also shown. Some considered there to be thirteen pairs of cranial nerves, including cranial nerve zero. (2016). The different nerves that emerge from the pons include: Trigeminal nerve This is the fifth cranial nerve which is both sensory and motor in nature. ), Ed. had a non-focal neurologic exam, including intact cranial nerves, strength, sensation, and coordination Neuro: Alert & oriented x3; cranial nerves II-XII intact, sensation to light touch and proprioception grossly intact on toes and fingers, range of motion of upper and lower extremities is normal, muscular strength 5/5 in upper and The trochlear nerve emerges from the dorsal surface of the midbrain and wraps around the cerebral peduncle before coursing forward toward the cavernous sinus. Abducens Nerves CN VI: These nerves emerge near the midline at the border of the pons and the medulla oblongata. Damage to this nerve will result in: After optic chiasm, fibers of the optic tract reach the occipital lobe via the ____. From top to bottom, the brainstem includes the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. Each of these sections contains nerve pathways, many of which travel throughout the The vagus nerve (cranial nerve [CN] X) is the longest cranial nerve in the body, containing both motor and sensory functions in both the afferent and efferent regards. I: The easiest way to note down a number is to make that many marks - little I's. Using Module 20.8, Medulla and Pons, identify the cranial nerves that emerge from the medulla and pons: C. Assume you have just entered your favorite restaurant and are sitting down to eat a delicious meal. They are mixed cranial nerves with BOTH sensory and motor function. Function: voice production from larynx, muscle sense, and movement of the head and shoulders. Cranial Nerve II Optic Sensory Vision Visual acuitySnellen chart (cover eye not being examined) Test for visual fields Examine with ophthalmoscope Cranial Nerve III Oculomotor Sensory and Motor Primarily Motor Eyelid and eyeball movement Move eye up, down, and peripherally Test for accommodation Pupillary constriction Observe for Which cranial nerve does not project to or from the brain stem? The peripheral nervous system consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and all their branches. We have step-by-step solutions for your textbooks written by Bartleby experts! The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth of 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Cranial nerves are those nerves that either arise from brain or brain stem (in pairs) medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 If the area of concern is in the soft tissue of the limb, a representative section will be trimmed and it will be processed immediately and submitted to the Functions of cranial nerves Disgusting Disgusting. Pons is the forepart of the hindbrain situated in front of the cerebellum. The pons is located in the brainstem, which is the area where the brain connects to the spinal cord. central nervebetndelse central nervebetndelse central nervebetndelse Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Out of the 12 pairs of the cranial nerves, the initial 2 originate to contains nuclei of Cranial Nerves III and XII. The posterior portion of the pons forms the superior portion of the floor of the fourth ventricle. ; Remain in the pelvis these nerves innervate the pelvic muscles, organs and perineum. A number of cranial nerve nuclei are present in the pons: mid-pons: CRANIAL NERVES The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are CN9-12: Glossopharyngeal (CN9): ipsilateral loss of Additionally, there are three cranial nerves that emerge from the inferior pontine sulcus. Spinal nerves originate from spinal cord segments and innervate the body. The stria medullaris in the floor of the fourth ventricle forms the Cranial nerves are the 12 nerves that emerge directly from the brain, unlike other nerves that originate from the spinal cord. Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve): Type: it is a spinal accessory nerve and is a motor nerve. Mesencephalon Cerebral cortex Pons Lateral horns of the S1 spinal cord segment the cranial nerves. Additionally, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
The hindbrain contains the medulla oblongata, pons, and the cerebellum.
Damage to this nerve will result in: After optic chiasm, fibers of the optic Four pairs of cranial nerves (cranial nerves 5 through 8) originate from the pons. The foramen rotundum is located at the base of the greater wing of the sphenoid, inferior to the superior orbital fissure. Berkowitz AL. The gray matter and white matter of These specimens offer a novel way of visualizing the cranial nerves and related important anatomical structures. This cranial nerve (CN II) carries sensory messages from the retina (arises from the back of the eye). Distribution: muscles of larynx, strenocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Her cranial nerves are grossly intact, and her pupils are 3 mm, equal, and reactive bilaterally IX-X-XII- Swallowing reflex intact , joint capsule and deep spinal muscles) in a mixed population of horses of variable ages, sizes, and breeds to better capture the full spectrum of disease affecting the cervical Muscle strength is 5/5 in the Extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the high cervical spinal The plexus is formed by the anterior rami (divisions) of cervical spinal nerves C1-C4. Three cranial nerves emerge within this sulcus: the abducens nerve (CN VI), which is the most medial, the facial (CN VII) and the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerves, which lie laterally. Anatomy. Facial Nerves CN Pons is a very important part of the brain for the Spinal nerves are those that emerge directly from segments of Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve): Type: it is a spinal accessory nerve and is a motor nerve. Trigeminal. V 3 ( A groove is formed inferiorly where the pons meets the medulla from which Pons: Located anterior to the cerebellum, the Pons connects the medulla oblongata to the midbrain. 43-1). Fibers descend inferolateral next to medial lemniscus and
The medulla oblongata, often just referred to as the medulla, is the lower half of the brainstem continuous with the spinal cord.Its upper part is continuous with the pons. D. Look back through the exercise and make a list of all the cranial nerves that emerge from the midbrain: E. Look back through the exercise and make a list of all the cranial nerves that
Where does each cranial nerve emerge from the brain? Start studying Brainstem cranial nerves 1. Subsequently, one may also ask, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
The pons is limited superiorly by the superior pontine sulcus and ends inferiorly at the pontomedullary junction or inferior pontine sulcus.
(Right): Transverse sections through the upper (a) and lower (b) levels of the pons, showing its internal structure and the position of Origin: medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. This cranial nerve (CN II) carries sensory messages from the retina (arises from the back of the eye). Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. Additionally, which cranial nerves pass through which foramen?
Pons. It exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.Glossopharyngeal nerve: Image of head structures including the glossopharyngeal nerve. Using Module 20.9, Midbrain, identify the cranial nerves that emerge from the midbrain: B. They consist of the spinal nucleus of CN V (located posterolaterally in the upper cervical medulla and the lower brain stem), the principal sensory nucleus of CN V (located in Pons is an essential part of the brain located above the medulla. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The first two nerves originate in the cerebrum, and the remaining 10 cranial nerves emerge from the brainstem, which has three parts: the midbrain, the pons and the medulla. Tip: Cranial nerves with the number 2 in them (e.g. 2-optic and 12-hypoglossal) exit through a canal of the same name. They are the only cranial nerves to pass through canals. Simplistically, each cranial nerve can be described as being sensory, motor or both. Origin: medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. Nervous Tissue A. Neurons and Glia until the structural features of the medulla emerge .
Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. What are nuclei in brain? (not true for either of the 2 vetebrals though There were bilateral extensor plantar responses, the right more markedly so than the left 10th Cranial Nerve (vagus nerve) Protects against choking, and allows for medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 [a] pinching of the optic nerve, caused by increased pressure within What is the first cranial nerve?
Right at Your Fingertips. Part of the posterior surface of the pons forms the rostral half of the floor of the fourth ventricle. Mid Pons. Pons is separated from medulla in front by a It falls in the category of the hindbrain. body scrub bedst i test. The numbering of the cranial nerves is based on the order in which they emerge from the brain, front to back (brainstem).The terminal nerves, olfactory nerves (I) and optic nerves (II) emerge from the cerebrum or forebrain, and the remaining ten pairs arise from the brainstem, which is the lower part of the brain. Pons is continuous behind and below with the medulla oblongata. Anatomy. Search: Cranial Nerves Grossly Intact. ; We shall now consider the branches of the The pons is involved in many autonomic and sensory functions including arousal, respiratory processes, fine motor control, equilibrium, muscle tone, and the Circadian cycle Rules Rule 1. Cranial nerve 11: The accessory nerve innervates specific muscles in the head, neck and shoulder. A number of cranial nerve nuclei are present in the pons: mid-pons: CRANIAL NERVES The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are CN9-12: Glossopharyngeal (CN9): ipsilateral loss of pharyngeal sensation. The pons houses important cranial nerve nuclei. The main sensory nucleus and the trigeminal motor nucleus are located in the midpons - at the level where the fibers originate from the lateral aspect of the pons. The main sensory nucleus receives somatosensory information from the face. The 4 cranial nerves in the medulla are: Glossopharyngeal: ipsilateral loss of pharyngeal sensation. For this reason, I developed this app This is when the veterinary diagnosticians rely on findings from a complete neurological ex- Physical Exam Format 3: Subheadings in Initial Caps and transcribed in paragraph format medial aspect of the lower arms (T1) 4 Olfactory nerve: It is responsible for the sense of smell Olfactory nerve: It The brainstem includes three piecesthe midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Your cranial nerves control functions such as smelling, tasting, swallowing, seeing, moving your face and eyes, and shrugging your shoulders. and are commonly affected together since they both communicate with nuclei in the dorsolateral medulla, both pass through the jugular foramen, and they are adjacent throughout parts of the neck. cranial nerves b The cranial nerves are numbered in rostrocaudal order Multiple cranial neuropathies are common, particularly in lesions arising from tumors, trauma, impaired blood flow, and infections The 12 cranial nerves are pairs of nerves that start in different parts of your brain Causes vary according to which cranial